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A Particle Accelerator is a device that propels electrically charged particles to high speeds using electric or magnetic fields.
Spoiler Warning: Plot details and/or information about the ending follow. If you wish to enjoy the work first, stop reading here and return at another time.
In the Stargate universe, Samantha Carter built a particle accelerator inspired by the one Sokar used against Earth's iris to project an image of himself. The device gradually heated the iris and would ultimately have destroyed it had they not been able to dial out once the gate shut down after reaching its 38 minute limit. Sokar hoped to convince Stargate Command to give up Apophis to him.
Earth's particle accelerator was used by the SGC in the episode "A Hundred Days" to break through the rock that buried the Stargate on Edora.
While the show generally tries to stay within the realm of current scientific possibility, in this case the effects supervisors wandered off the reservation a bit. Current particle accelerators are kilometers long, not the size of an AK-47.
In theory the real science already knows how to make a high power accelerator of such a small size.
It is called "plasma wakefield acceleration", however there are some difficulties and it has taken some 30 years from the first ideas to first experimental accelerators using this principle.
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